Gary Klein, /et.al./ [IEEE Computer Nov-Dec 04] propose ten challenges for automation to participate in joint activity—extended actions carried out by an ensemble of people who are coordinating with each other:
- Fulfill the requirements of a Basic Compact to engage in commongrounding activities
- Able to adequately model other participants’ actions vis-à-vis the joint activity’s state and evolution
- Be mutually predictable
- Be directable
- Able to make pertinent aspects of their status and intentions obvious to their teammates
- Able to observe and interpret signals of status and intentions
- Able to engage in negotiation
- Enable a collaborative approach
- Able to participate in managing attention
- Help to control the costs of coordinated activity
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